Gilthead bream
Sparus auratus
What to check for
Location
All areas
Production method
Open net pen, marine
Certification
Aquaculture Stewardship Council (ASC)
Rating summary
ASC farmed sea bream is well managed and management is thought to be fully effective. The standard mitigates many areas of environmental concern in open net pen aquaculture, including discharge of effluents, use of chemicals, escapes, disease and parasite interactions. Criteria on responsible feed sourcing requires it to be traceable, however, sourcing of marine ingredients is not verified via audit and ASC certified bream can use a high quantity of wild caught fish in their diet. Criteria on animal welfare is also lacking, with no requirements for humane slaughter.This rating is based on full compliance with certification requirements. Commercial buyers should therefore ensure that full compliance has been achieved in order for this rating to be applicable.Rating last updated: November 2022
Technical consultation summary
ASC farmed sea bream is well managed and management is thought to be fully effective. The standard mitigates many areas of environmental concern in open net pen aquaculture, including discharge of effluents, use of chemicals, escapes, disease and parasite interactions. Criteria on responsible feed sourcing requires it to be traceable, however, sourcing of marine ingredients is not verified via audit and ASC certified bream can use a high quantity of wild caught fish in their diet. Criteria on animal welfare is also lacking, with no requirements for humane slaughter.
References
Aquaculture Stewardship Council (ASC). 2019. ASC Seabass, Seabream and Meagre Standard – version 1.1 – March 2019. Available at https://www.asc-aqua.org/wp-content/uploads/2019/03/ASC-Sea-Bass-Seabream-and-Meagre-Standard_v1.1_Final.pdf [Accessed on 25.10.2022].Arechavala-Lopa, P. Toldeo-Guedes, K. et al. 2018. Implications of Sea Bream and Sea Bass Escapes for Sustainable Aquaculture Management: A Review of Interactions, Risks and Consequences. Reviews in Fisheries Science and Aquaculture. 28(214-234).BioMar. 2021. Global Sustainability Report. Available at https://www.biomar.com/globalassets/.global/sustainability-report/en_biomar-global-sustainability-report-2021.pdf [Accessed on 25.10.2022].Cardia, F. and Lovatelli, A. 2017. Aquaculture operations in floating HDPE cages. A field handbook. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Paper 593.Compassion in World Farming (CWF). 2018. Humane Slaughter: Gilthead sea bream and European sea bass. Available at https://www.compassioninfoodbusiness.com/media/7434843/humane-slaughter-european-sea-bass-and-gilthead-sea-bream.pdf [Accessed on 25.10.2022].European Commission. 2021. Strategic guidelines for a more sustainable and competitive EU aquaculture for the period 2021 to 2030. Available at https://ec.europa.eu/info/law/better-regulation/have-your-say/initiatives/12261-EU-fish-farms-aquaculture-updated-guidelines_en [Accessed on 25.10.2022].FAO. 2020. Fishery and Aquaculture Statistics. Global production by production source 1950-2018 (FishstatJ). In: FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Department [online]. Rome. Updated 2020. Available at www.fao.org/fishery/statistics/software/fishstatj/en [Accessed on 25.10.2022].FEFAC SOY SOURCING GUIDELINES 2021. Available at https://fefac.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/02/FEFAC-Soy-Sourcing-Guidelines-2021-1.pdf [Accessed on 15.10.2022].Fishsource. 2021. Aquaculture Profiles. Seabass/seabream. Turkey. Available at https://www.fishsource.org/ama_page?id=91 [Accessed on 25.10.2022].Mladineo I, Šegvić-Bubić T, Stanić R, Desdevises Y. 2013. Morphological Plasticity and Phylogeny in a Monogenean Parasite Transferring between Wild and Reared Fish Populations. PLOS ONE 8(4): e62011.Prevent Escape. 2013. Prevent Escape Project Compendium. Available at https://issuu.com/oceanografica/docs/prevent_escape [Accessed on 25.10.2022].Rodrigo Orrego. 2018. Fish Farming Expert: Fish Farming School. Available at https://www.fishfarmingexpert.com/fishfarming-school/1265835 [Accessed on 25.10.2022].Roundtable on Responsible Soy. Version 4.0 2021. Available at https://responsiblesoy.org/documentos/rtrs-standard-for-responsible-soy-production-v4-0?lang=en#:~:text=0,-Last%20approved%20Version&text=Generic%20standard%20setting%20out%20Requirements,conformity%20in%20certified%20production%20sites [Accessed on 15.10.2022].RSPO Principles and Criteria for the Production of Sustainable Palm Oil. 2018. Available at https://rspo.org/standards [Accessed on 25.10.2022].Seafish. Aquaculture Profiles. European Sea Bass. Feed. Available at https://www.seafish.org/responsible-sourcing/aquaculture-farming-seafood/species-farmed-in-aquaculture/aquaculture-profiles/european-sea-bass/feed/ [Accessed on 07.12.2022].Skretting. 2021 Sustainability report. Available at https://www.skretting.com/siteassets/global/sustainability/pdfs/pdf-interactive-skretting-sustainability-report-2021.pdf?v=4a2cef [Accessed on 25.10.2022].Skretting. Soy and oil palm ingredients sourcing policy – roadmap 2025. Available at https://www.skretting.com/globalassets/shared-documents/sustainability/201203-nutreco-soy-and-oil-palm-ingredients-sourcing-policy.pdf?v=4af3f1 [Accessed on 25.10.2022].Tornero, V. and Hanke, G. 2016. Chemical contaminants entering the marine environment from sea-based sources: A review with a focus on European seas. Marine Pollution Bulletin. 112(1-2).WWF. 2021. Sea bass and sea bream supply chain study: from Turkey to Europe. Fish Forward Project: Responsible seafood consumption for the benefit of people, oceans and climate. Published by WWF-UK. Available at https://www.fishforward.eu/wp-content/uploads/2021/07/WWF_supply_chain_study_2021_seabass_seabream.pdf [Accessed on 25.10.2022].
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