King prawn
Litopenaeus vannamei
What to check for
Location
All Areas, All Areas
Production method
Pond, semi-intensive
Rating summary
Production of King prawns (L. vannamei) in Ecuador and Honduras relies upon both marine and terrestrial feed ingredients in commercial feeds produced by well-established, global feed companies. The environmental impacts are well managed and mangrove destruction for the construction of prawn ponds is no longer taking place in Ecuador and Honduras. Chemical usage is also minimal, as are effluent outputs, and surrounding prawn populations are not impacted by disease or escapes. However, there is a lack of data on welfare and humane slaughter practices. Management and regulation of the sector also needs to be better resourced to ensure effectiveness and environmental impact assessments should be required for small farms, as well as large, to account for cumulative impacts.Rating last updated January 2025.
Technical consultation summary
Production of King prawns (L. vannamei) in Ecuador and Honduras relies upon both marine and terrestrial feed ingredients in commercial feeds produced by well-established, global feed companies. The environmental impacts are well managed and mangrove destruction for the construction of prawn ponds is no longer taking place in Ecuador and Honduras. Chemical usage is also minimal, as are effluent outputs, and surrounding prawn populations are not impacted by disease or escapes. However, there is a lack of data on welfare and humane slaughter practices. Management and regulation of the sector also needs to be better resourced to ensure effectiveness and environmental impact assessments should be required for small farms, as well as large, to account for cumulative impacts.
References
ASC. 2021. ASC-certified farms. Available at http://asc.force.com/Certificates/ [Accessed on 01.16.2025].Best Aquaculture Practices. 2021. BAP Certified Aquaculture Producers. Available at https://www.bapcertification.org/CertifiedFacilities [Accessed on 01.16.2025].Commission Regulation (EC) No 710/2009 of 5 August 2009 amending Regulation (EC) No 889/2008 laying down detailed rules for the implementation of Council Regulation (EC) No 834/2007, as regards laying down detailed rules on organic aquaculture animal and seaweed production. Available at https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=uriserv%3AOJ.L_.2009.204.01.0015.01.ENG [Accessed on 01.16.2025].Coze, A. and Nava, A. 2009. Review of environmental impact assessment and monitoring of aquaculture in Latin America. In FAO. Environmental impact assessment and monitoring of aquaculture. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Paper. No. 527. Rome, FAO. pp. 395–454. Available at http://www.fao.org/tempref/docrep/fao/012/i0970e/i0970e01e.pdf [Accessed on 01.16.2025].FAO. 2021a. National Aquaculture Legislation Overview: Honduras. Available at http://www.fao.org/fishery/legalframework/nalo_honduras/en [Accessed on 01.16.2025].FAO. 2021b. National Aquaculture Legislation Overview: Ecuador. Available at http://www.fao.org/fishery/legalframework/nalo_ecuador/en [Accessed on 01.16.2025].FAO. 2021c. General view of the nation aquaculture sector: Ecuador. Available at http://www.fao.org/fishery/countrysector/naso_ecuador/fr [Accessed on 01.16.2025].FAO. 2021d. Overview of the nation aquaculture sector: Honduras. Available at http://www.fao.org/fishery/countrysector/naso_honduras/es [Accessed on 01.16.2025].Fletcher, R. 2018. The Fish Site: How to improve seafood welfare at slaughter. Available at https://thefishsite.com/articles/seafood-welfare-at-slaughter-explained [Accessed on 01.16.2025].Global Aquaculture Alliance. 2020. Shrimp Eyestalk Ablation Researcher Wins 2020 Global Aquaculture Innovation Award. Available at https://www.aquaculturealliance.org/blog/2020-aquaculture-innovation-award-winner/ [Accessed on 01.16.2025].Green, K. and Lart, W. 2013. Seafish Responsible Sourcing Guide – Warm water prawns – March 2012. Available for download at https://www.seafish.org/document/?id=d443878e-d50b-4d78-9d68-8b5c393ed0c0 [Accessed on 01.16.2025].Gee, J. 2015. Monterey Bay Aquarium Seafood Watch Assessment: Whiteleg Shrimp (L. vannamei), Honduras: ponds. Available for download at https://www.seafoodwatch.org/recommendation/shrimp/shrimp-whiteleg-honduras-ponds?species=156 [Accessed on 01.16.2025].Kramer, L. 2020. Innovation Award 2020 Finalist: Simao Zacaris’s shrimp eyestalk ablation research. Available at https://www.aquaculturealliance.org/advocate/innovation-award-2020-finalist-simao-zacarias-shrimp-eyestalk-ablation-research/ [Accessed on 01.16.2025].OMARSA. 2017. Company website for Ecuadorian shrimp farm. Available at http://www.omarsa.com.ec/ [Accessed on 01.16.2025].Piano, E., Gautier, D. and Cooper, R. 2018. Global Aquaculture Alliance: Evaluating stunning methods in tropical shrimp aquaculture: Thermal shock quickly induces insensibility, electric shock likely to be a good alternative. Available at https://www.aquaculturealliance.org/advocate/evaluating-stunning-methods-in-tropical-shrimp-aquaculture/?utm_source=Informz [Accessed on 01.16.2025].Regulation (EU) 2018/848 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 May 2018 on organic production and labelling of organic products and repealing Council Regulation (EC) No 834/2007. Available at https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=uriserv%3AOJ.L_.2018.150.01.0001.01.ENG [Accessed on 01.16.2025].Seafish. 2020. Aquaculture Profile: White Leg Prawn. Available at https://www.seafish.org/responsible-sourcing/aquaculture-farming-seafood/species-farmed-in-aquaculture/aquaculture-profiles/white-leg-prawn/ [Accessed on 01.16.2025].Seafoodwatch. 2021. Monterey Bay Aquarium Seafood Watch Assessment: White Shrimp (L. vannamei), Ecuador: Semi-intensive ponds. Available for download at https://www.seafoodwatch.org/recommendations/search?query=%3Aspecies%3BWhiteleg%20shrimp%3Acountry%3BEcuador [Accessed on 01.16.2025].Soil Association. 2021. Soil Association Standards Aquaculture. Version 18.6, pp.3-78. Available at https://www.soilassociation.org/media/18614/aquaculture-standards.pdf [Accessed on 01.16.2025].Soil Association. 2021. Summary of standard changes: Organic standards documents updated Friday 12th February 2021 – Version 18.6. Available at https://www.soilassociation.org/media/19109/sa-standards-summary-of-changes.pdf [Accessed on 01.16.2025].STIP. 2021. Seafood Trade Intelligence Portal: Shrimp in Ecuador. Available at https://seafood-tip.com/sourcing-intelligence/countries/ecuador/ [Accessed on 01.16.2025].Tacon, A., Jory, D. and Nunes, A. 2013. Shrimp feed management: issues and perspectives. In M.R. Hasan and M.B. New, eds. On-farm feeding and feed management in aquaculture. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Paper No. 583. Rome, FAO. pp. 481–488. Available at http://www.fao.org/tempref/FI/CDrom/T583/root/18.pdf [Accessed on 01.16.2025].The Fish Site. 2018. Shrimp Farming Sustainability Launched – by Rob Fletcher, March 12 2018. Available at https://thefishsite.com/articles/shrimp-farming-sustainability-initiative-launched [Accessed on 01.16.2025].Wybran, J. 2015. Shrimp News Interviews Dr. James Wyban The Father of SPF Shrimp. Shrimp News International. Available at http://www.shrimpnews.com/FreeReportsFolder/HistoryFolder/HistoryUnitedStates/DrJamesWybanFatherOfSPF.html [Accessed on 01.16.2025].
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