Tiger prawn
Penaeus monodon
What to check for
Location
Borneo, Kalimantan
Production method
Pond, extensive
Rating summary
This rating is for tiger prawns produced in extensive pond systems in Kalimantan for the Happy Prawn Company. Tiger prawns produced in extensive ponds require no feed inputs. There are many negative environmental impacts of prawn farming but many of these are mitigated or minimised by the Happy Prawn Co. producers, including the use of chemicals and destruction of mangroves. However, some negative environmental impacts remain and it is unknown if welfare and humane slaughter practices are in place. Management and regulation for the aquaculture sector in Indonesia is thought to be only partially effective in mitigating negative environmental impacts.Rating last updated November 2024
References
Abdul-Aziz, M.A., Schöfl, G., Mrotzek, G., Haryanti, H., Sugama, K. and Saluz, H.P. 2015. Population structure of the Indonesian giant tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon: a window into evolutionary similarities between paralogous mitochondrial DNA sequences and their genomes. Ecol Evol. 2015;5(17):3570-84. Available at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4567862/ [Accessed on 10.18.2025].Briggs, M. 2005. Introductions and movement of two penaeid shrimp species in Asia and the Pacific (No. 476). Food & Agriculture Org. Available at http://www.fao.org/docrep/009/a0086e/A0086E00.htm#TOC [Accessed on 10.18.2025].CAA. 2018. Coastal Aquaculture Authority (India). Available at http://www.caa.gov.in [Accessed on 10.18.2025].Chakraborti, J. and Bandyapadhyay, P.K. 2011. Seasonal incidence of protozoan parasites of the black tiger shrimp (Penaeus monodon) of Sundarbans, West Bengal, India. J Parasit Dis. 2011;35(1):61-5. Available at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3114977/ [Accessed on 10.18.2025].Deltares. 2016. Mangrove restoration: to plant or not to plant? Available at https://www.deltares.nl/app/uploads/2016/07/Mangrove-restoration_to-plant-or-not-to-plant.pdf [Accessed on 10.18.2025].EJF. 2004. Farming the Sea, Costing the Earth: Why we Must Green the Blue Revolution. Environmental Justice Foundation, London, UK. Available at https://ejfoundation.org/resources/downloads/Farming-Sea-Costing-Earth-ok.pdf [Accessed on 10.18.2025].FAO. 2005. National Aquaculture Sector Overview: Indonesia. Available at https://www.fao.org/fishery/legalframework/nalo_indonesia/en [Accessed on 10.18.2025].Happy Prawn Company. The Journey. Available at https://www.thehappyprawn.co/the-journey [Accessed on 10.18.2025].Hens, L., Vromant, N., Tho, N., Hung, N.T. 2009. Salination of surface water, groundwater, and soils in the shrimp farming areas of the coastal Cai Nuoc district, South Vietnam. International Journal of Environmental Studies, 66(1), 69-81. Available at https://www.researchgate.net/publication/248923902_Salination_of_Surface_water_groundwater_and_soils_in_the_shrimp_farming_areas_of_the_coastal_Cai_Nuoc_district_South_Vietnam [Accessed on 10.18.2025].Lightner, D.V., Redman, R.M., Pantoja, C.R., Tang, K.F.J., Noble, B.L., Schofield, P., Mohney, L.L., Navarro, S.A. 2012. Historic emergence, impact and current status of shrimp pathogens in the Americas. Journal of Invertebrate Pathology, 110(2), 174-183. Available at https://arizona.pure.elsevier.com/en/publications/historic-emergence-impact-and-current-status-of-shrimp-pathogens- [Accessed on 10.18.2025].MBA. 2015. Monterey Bay Aquarium Seafood Watch assessment of Farmed Shrimp grown in ponds in Indonesia. Available at https://www.seafoodwatch.org/recommendation/shrimp/red-shrimp-whiteleg-shrimp-indonesia-ponds?species=156 [Accessed on 10.18.2025].Seafish. 2013. Responsible Sourcing Guide: Marine Warm Water Prawns. Available at https://www.seafish.org/document/?id=d443878e-d50b-4d78-9d68-8b5c393ed0c0 [Accessed on 10.18.2025].Suratin, A. 2011. Restoring neglected coastal land in Indonesia. New Agriculturist. Oxfam Indonesia. Available at http://www.new-ag.info/en/focus/focusItem.php?a=2088 [Accessed on 10.18.2025].Tacon, A.G.J., Jory, D., and Nunes, A. 2013. Shrimp feed management: issues and perspectives. In M.R. Hasan and M.B. New, eds. On-farm feeding and feed management in aquaculture. FAO Fisheries and Aquaculture Technical Paper No. 583. Rome, FAO. pp. 481–488. Available at http://www.fao.org/tempref/FI/CDrom/T583/root/18.pdf [Accessed on 10.18.2025].The Fish Site. 2018. How to improve welfare at slaughter – by Rob Fletcher, March 16, 2018. Available at https://thefishsite.com/articles/seafood-welfare-at-slaughter-explained [Accessed on 10.18.2025].Walker, P.J. and Winton, J.R. 2010. Emerging viral diseases of fish and shrimp. Veterinary Research, 41(6); Nov-Dec 2010. Available at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2878170/ [Accessed on 10.18.2025].
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